PhysioNet-Related Publications

You can find thousands of publications that cite or mention PhysioNet or its major components using this Google Scholar search. (This search excludes most publications authored or coauthored by investigators affiliated with PhysioNet; for a search that includes those publications, try this link instead.)

In this section of PhysioNet, you will find pointers to a few of these papers that have made use of data or software available from PhysioNet. In some cases, the authors of these papers have contributed the data or software on which their studies are based to PhysioBank and PhysioToolkit. If you make use of these materials, include a citation of the original publication(s) in which they were described, as given below.

If you have data or software that may be of interest to other users of PhysioNet, and a related publication, please consider contributing a copy of your publication and its supporting data or software to the Publications pages. We also encourage contributions of publications that make use of existing PhysioBank data or PhysioToolkit software. Such contributions can be fully indexed on PhysioNet, making it easier for interested readers to find them.

These listings also include links to external sites where it is possible to read abstracts (and in some cases, full texts) of PhysioNet-related publications that are not available here. The texts of these publications are not indexed here; following a "Link to:" any of them will open the text in another browser window. In some cases, access to publications on external sites may be restricted to subscribers; PhysioNet has no control over this. Publishers of external sites may move or remove materials on their sites; please let us know if you discover a broken link to an external site.

Please note that this list is not limited to publications from the Research Resource for Complex Physiologic Signals. A more extensive list of recent publications by investigators affiliated with the Resource is available here.

Articles with accompanying data and software

The authors of articles listed here have deposited the data on which their studies are based in the PhysioBank archives, and the software on which their studies are based in the PhysioToolkit library. Follow the links below to the full texts or abstracts of these articles, and to the data files and software sources themselves.

Evaluation of an automatic threshold based detector of waveform limits in Holter ECG with the QT database
Authors: Jané R, Blasi A, García J, and Laguna P
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 24: 295-298, 1997
Available: Data · Software

Long-term ST database: a reference for the development and evaluation of automated ischaemia detectors and for the study of the dynamics of myocardial ischaemia
Authors: Jager F, Taddei A, Moody GB, Emdin M, Antolic G, Dorn R, Smrdel A, Marchesi C, and Mark RG
Citation: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 41(2): 172-183, 2003
Available: Data · Software

Link to: PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and PhysioNet: components of a new research resource for complex physiologic signals
Authors: Goldberger AL, Amaral LAN, Glass L, Hausdorff JM, Ivanov PCh, Mark RG, Mietus JE, Moody GB, Peng C-K, Stanley HE
Citation: Circulation 101(23): e215-e220, 2000 (June 13)
Available: Data · Software

Link to: PhysioNet: a Web-based resource for the study of physiologic signals [Abstract]
Authors: Moody GB, Mark RG, Goldberger AL
Citation: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 20(3): 70-75, 2001 (May/June)
Available: Data · Software

Link to: The pNNx files: re-examining a widely used heart rate variability measure [Abstract]
Authors: Mietus JE, Peng C-K, Henry I, Goldsmith RL, Goldberger AL
Citation: Heart 88: 378-380, 2002
Available: Data · Data · Software

Articles with accompanying data

The authors of articles listed here have deposited the data on which their studies are based in the PhysioBank archives. Follow the links below to the full texts or abstracts of these articles, and to the data files themselves.

Link to: Altered fractal dynamics of gait: reduced stride-interval correlations with aging and Huntington's disease
Authors: Hausdorff JM, Mitchell SL, Firtion R, Peng CK, Cudkowicz ME, Wei JY, Goldberger AL
Citation: Journal of Applied Physiology 82: 262-269, 1997
Available: Data

A database for evaluation of algorithms for measurement of QT and other waveform intervals in the ECG
Authors: Laguna P, Mark RG, Goldberger AL, and Moody GB
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 24: 673-676, 1997
Available: Data

A database to support development and evaluation of intelligent intensive care monitoring
Authors: Moody GB and Mark RG
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 23: 657-660, 1996
Available: Data

Development of a long-term database for assessing the performance of transient ischemia detectors
Authors: Jager F, Moody GB, Taddei A, Antolic G, Zabukovec M, Skrjanc M, Emdin M, and Mark RG
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 23: 481-484, 1996
Available: Data

Link to: Dynamic markers of altered gait rhythm in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hausdorff JM, Lertratanakul A, Cudkowicz ME, Peterson AL, Kaliton D, Goldberger AL
Citation: Journal of Applied Physiology 88: 2045-2053, 2000
Available: Data

Effects of nonstationarities on detrended fluctuation analysis
Authors: Chen Z, Ivanov PCh, Hu K, Stanley HE
Citation: Physical Review E 65: 041107, 2002
Available: Data

Effects of trends on detrended fluctuation analysis
Authors: Hu K, Ivanov PCh, Chen Z, Carpena P, Stanley HE
Citation: Physical Review E 64: 011114, 2001
Available: Data

Exaggerated heart rate oscillations during two meditation techniques
Authors: Peng C-K, Mietus JE, Liu Y, Khalsa G, Douglas PS, Benson H, and Goldberger AL
Citation: International Journal of Cardiology 70: 101-107, 1999
Available: Data

Link to: Fractal dynamics of human gait: stability of long-range correlations in stride interval fluctuations [Abstract]
Authors: Hausdorff JM, Purdon PL, Peng CK, Ladin Z, Wei JY, Goldberger AL
Citation: Journal of Applied Physiology 80: 1448-1457, 1996
Available: Data

Link to: The impact of the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database [Abstract]
Authors: Moody GB, Mark RG
Citation: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 20(3): 45-50, 2001 (May/June)
Available: Data

The Long-Term ST Database: a research resource for algorithm development and physiologic studies of transient myocardial ischemia
Authors: Jager F, Taddei A, Emdin M, Antolic G, Dorn R, Moody GB, Glavic B, Smrdel A, Varanini M, Zabukovec M, Bordigiago S, Marchesi C, and Mark RG
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 27, 2000
Available: Data

Maturation of gait dynamics: stride-to-stride variability and its temporal organization in children
Authors: Hausdorff JM, Zemany L, Peng C-K, and Goldberger AL
Citation: Journal of Applied Physiology 86: 1040-1047, 1999
Available: Data

Post-ictal heart rate oscillations in partial epilepsy
Authors: Al-Aweel IC,Krishnamurthy KB, Hausdorff JM, Mietus JE, Ives JR, Blum AS, Schomer DL, and Goldberger AL
Citation: Neurology 53(7): 1590-1592, 1999 (October 22)
Available: Data

Link to: Systematic comparison of different algorithms for apnoea detection based on electrocardiogram recordings [PDF]
Authors: Penzel T, McNames J, de Chazal P, Raymond B, Murray A, Moody G
Citation: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 40: 402-407, 2002
Available: Data

Articles with accompanying software

The authors of articles listed here have deposited the software on which their studies are based in the PhysioToolkit archives. Follow the links below to the full texts or abstracts of these articles, and to the software sources themselves.

Link to: Complex patterns of abnormal heartbeats [Abstract]
Authors: Schulte-Frohlinde V, Ashkenazy Y, Goldberger AL, Ivanov PCh, Costa M, Morley-Davies A, Stanley HE, Glass L
Citation: Physical Review E 66(3-1): 031901, 2002 (September)
Available: Software

Derivation of respiratory signals from multi-lead ECGs
Authors: Moody GB, Mark RG, Zoccola A, and Mantero S
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 12: 113-116, 1985
Available: Software

Detection of obstructive sleep apnea from cardiac interbeat interval time series
Authors: Mietus JE, Peng CK, Ivanov PCh, Goldberger AL
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 27: 753-756, 2000
Available: Software

A dynamical model for generating synthetic electrocardiogram signals
Authors: McSharry PE, Clifford GD, Tarassenko L, Smith L
Citation: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 50(3): 289-294, 2003
Available: Software

ECG-based indices of physical activity
Authors: Moody GB
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 19: 403-406, 1992
Available: Software

A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets
Authors: Rosenstein MT, Collins JJ, and De Luca, CJ
Citation: Physica D 65: 117-134, 1993
Available: Software

QRS morphology representation and noise estimation using the Karhunen-Loève transform
Authors: Moody GB, Mark RG
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 16: 269-272, 1989
Available: Software

Link to: Quantification of scaling exponents and crossover phenomena in nonstationary heartbeat time series [Abstract]
Authors: Peng C-K, Havlin S, Stanley HE, Goldberger AL
Citation: Chaos 5: 82-87, 1995
Available: Software

Spectral analysis of heart rate without resampling
Authors: Moody GB
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 20: 715-718, 1993
Available: Software

Validation of the ECG-derived respiration (EDR) technique
Authors: Moody GB, Mark RG, Bump MA, Weinstein JS, Berman AD, Mietus JE, and Goldberger AL
Citation: Computers in Cardiology 13: 507-510, 1986
Available: Software